Theory:
We have a natural desire for thing that are (perceived as) exclusive or belonging to a selected group.
Application:
Many websites who launch new features have a "Private Beta" which creates interest for the new features. But you can also apply this to online shopping by creating 'Private sales' shops or categories: only users who are invited can create an account and view the products and promotional actions. You can use this for your complete shop or a certain category of products. You could give your most valuable customers 'early access' to new products of give them exclusive access to cheap end-of-life products. There is a screencast from Magento explaining the possibilities of Private Sales with Magento.
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Recently I've seen some (often absolute) statements going around, generally in the line of "open source commerce platforms are a terrible idea". Now of course different solutions always have different pros and cons.
A hierarchy of evidence (or levels of evidence) is a heuristic used to rank the relative strength of results obtained from scientific research. I've created a version of this chart/pyramid applied to CRO which you can see below. It contains the options we have as optimizers and tools and methods we often use to gather data.